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KMID : 0362720090470060364
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Journal of the Korean Dental Association
2009 Volume.47 No. 6 p.364 ~ p.372
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Histological Evaluation on the Biocompatibility and Degradation of Poly Lactic-co Glycolic Acid (PLGA) / Inorganic Filler Matrix in Surgically Created Intrabony 1-wall Defect in Beagle Dog.
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Lee Jae-Youn
Kim Chong-Kwan
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Abstract
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Regeneration of tooth supporting tissues that caused by periodontal and peri-implant tissue destruction is a major goal of reconstructive therapy. One approach to induce periodontal regeneration, bioactive growth factors have been locally applied to the root surface in order to facilitate the cascade of wound-healing events. Bioactive growth factors require appropriate scaffolds to provide longer-term release of growth factors for wound healing. The scaffolds should be biocompatible and biodegradable. It also should be space making and facilitate blood clot stabilization. Absorbable Collagen Sponge (ACS), Poly (Lactic-co-glycolic acid )(PLGA) and other bone substitutes were introduced by researchers as scaffolds of the growth factors. Collagen scaffolds has been regarded as one of the most useful scaffold for many years owing to its excellent biocompatibility and safety associated with its biological characteristics, such as biodegradability and weak antigenicity23 24. But the absorbable collagen sponge is easily collapsed and has short releasing time24,25,26. An appropriate carrier acting as a slow delivery vehicle for growth factor is required for maximal clinical effect1 PLGA is degraded by hydrolysis and enzymatic activity and have a range of mechanical and physical properties that can be engineered appropriately to suit a particular application34. Matsumoto et al. previously reported that there was no signs of bone resorption or inflammation on the application of PLGA fixation screws to human patients18. Van Sliedregt et al. investigated four types of polylactides using cell cultures of rat epithelial cells in addition to human fibroblasts and osteosarcoma cells, and reported the biocompatibility of the PLGAs was satisfactory in general33. Piattelli reported limited residual amount of PLA/PGA(1%) at 6-8 months after implantation of PLA/PGA copolymer. Histomorphometric analysis revealed 43% of mineralized bone with complete absence of inflammatory response18. Consistently, PLGA composite sponge implanted in post-extraction sites resulted in the formation of matured, mineralized and well-structured bone after 6 months of healing. Particles of grafted material could not be identified in any of the biopsied site13. Herberg et al. reported that the PLGA composite is a good candidate for scaffold of growth factor. The PLGA composite showed a highly porous space-providing structure and effectively induced coagulation exhibiting an intimate interaction with the fibrin clot. Additionally, the composite was conveniently injectable for ease of use 35. The purpose of this study was to histologically evaluate the biocompatibility and adequate degradation of newly developed PLGA/inorganic filler matrix in the surgically created 1-wall intrabony defects of beagle dog.
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